December 13, 2007

Improve Windows XP Pro’s NTFS performance by disabling the Accessed timestamp

Date: December 11th, 2007

 

Author: Greg Shultz

 

The New Technology File System (NTFS) is essentially a huge database that keeps track of all the files on your Windows XP Pro hard disk. When you create a file, or edit and then resave that file, the NTFS creates an entry and records the date in the Created or Modified timestamp so you can access the Properties sheet of the file and check the Created or Modified entries later.

 

NTFS also creates and keeps track of another timestamp called Accessed. The timestamp lists the date on which the file was last accessed and whether the file was opened and read or changed and saved. Each time NTFS updates a file’s Properties sheet, an accompanying disk read/write operation occurs. Since the Accessed timestamp does not add much useful information, you may consider the read/write operation incurred to record it wasteful.

 

If you have an application, such as a search tool, that frequently accesses many files for a simple read operation, the operation required to update each file’s Accessed timestamp can drain your system’s performance. Fortunately, you can use disable the Accessed timestamp using the FSUtil command. Here’s how:

 

  1. Open a Command Prompt window.
  2. Type the following command line:

 

FSUTIL behavior set disablelastaccess 1

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If you wish to turn the Accessed attribute back on, simply repeat the command and replace 1 with 0.

 

Note: This tip applies only to Windows XP Professional.

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December 9, 2007

How to Change Your Records Into CDs

Who doesn't love vinyl records? It seems that everybody over a certain age has a stash of them hidden away somewhere, and everybody under that certain age is trying to get their hands on that stash. Vinyl LPs have great sound quality, and they're amazingly durable and just plain cool. Still, they have their drawbacks: they're not very portable–you probably don't want to lug 100 pounds of records to a party, for example, and you can't play them in the car–and many are not easily replaceable. Fortunately, you can solve these problems by recording your vinyl onto CDs. It can be a complicated process, but once you do it you'll have a high-quality backup of your irreplaceable rarities. What's more, you'll be able to enjoy your Cat Stevens collection on the way to work.

[edit] Steps

  1. Install recording and editing software on your computer. The standard sound recorder application that comes with most PCs will not enable you to record an LP to your hard drive. There are, however, a variety of programs that record audio, ranging from freeware to very expensive professional editing software. Some of these obviously work better than others, and some have more features, but in general you want a program that writes files directly to the hard drive and that enables you to do some minor editing of the recorded files. For a more thorough discussion of recording and editing software, including reviews, visit the external links–Clive Backham's page in particular–listed at the end of this article.
  2. Determine whether you need a preamp. You will need to amplify and equalize the sound from your turntable in order to record it onto your computer. If your turntable has a built-in preamp, you should be able to plug it directly into your computer's sound card. If you don't have a built-in preamp, you can either plug the turntable into a stereo receiver and plug the receiver into your computer sound card, or you can purchase a preamp–you can get these at most computer, audio or electronics stores–and plug your turntable into that. Make sure you buy a preamp with "RIAA Equalization" – cheaper ones may not have this, and it is necessary for LPs made after about 1950.
  3. Make sure you have the necessary cables and converters to connect the turntable, stereo, or preamp to the sound card. You may need to purchase cables–standard RCA cables, most likely–to connect all the components. Depending on the type of input and output jacks you have on your sound card, turntable, preamp and receiver, you may also need converters to allow you to connect each component to the next. Cables and converters can be purchased at most electronics or audio stores, and if you don't know what you need simply bring in the equipment you have. In the most common case, being you already have a turntable connected to a stereo system, the only additional cable you should need is an inexpensive 3.5mm Stereo to RCA Cable to connect the receiver to the computer, which can alternately be used to play sound from your computer through your stereo system.
  4. Connect all the components. If you are not using a preamp you'll need to run a cable from the headphone or "audio out" jack on the turntable or stereo to the input or "line in" jack on your computer's sound card. If you have a preamp, connect the cable from the turntable to the "line in" jack on the preamp and then connect another cable from the "audio out" jack on the preamp to the "line in" jack on the computer sound card.
  5. Clean the LP. Obviously a clean record plays a lot better than a dirty one, and if you're making a recording you want the vinyl to sound its best. Your best bet is to use a professional LP-cleaning machine, but these can be expensive and hard to find (you can get similar results, however, if you have a wet-dry vacuum cleaner and some cleaning solution). You can also wash records in the kitchen sink or use specially-designed brushes to clear surface dust. You want to be very careful cleaning your records, and there are more tips and warnings than can be listed here, so check out the external links for more information.
  6. Set your recording input level. You can adjust the input level either on the stereo receiver or in the recording software, however "line" outputs on stereos are generally fixed-volume so it's usually best to adjust the recording volume on your computer. You want to make sure that the input is loud enough so that the resulting CD isn't significantly quieter than your other CDs. More importantly, you must ensure that the input volume isn't too loud. If your recording level goes above 0 dB at any point, the sound quality will be distorted, so it's important to stay below this threshold. Try to identify the peak volume (the loudest part) on the LP you wish to record. Some software programs will find the peak for you when you play the record through; otherwise, you'll have to do a little guesswork. Just to be safe, set the input level so that the LP's peak volume records at about -3 dB.
  7. Do a test run. Make sure your program is running, and your turntable, and receiver or preamp, are on. Start playing the record and press the "record" button in your audio software. Record only a small bit of audio to see if everything works, then adjust settings in the program and on the player accordingly. You may also want to play the entire LP to make sure there no skips.
  8. Record the LP. Press the "record" button in your software before starting the LP. Play the album the whole way through as you transfer the music into electronic format, and stop recording only after the LP has finished playing (you can cut out the silence at the beginning and end of the recording later). Your software program may split tracks for you automatically, but if it does not, don't worry about splitting them now.
  9. Edit your recording. If the LP you recorded is in great condition and if your recording equipment is of high quality and is correctly configured, you may not need to do much editing at all. Probably, however, you will at least want to delete any long silences at the beginning and end of the recording, and you should also split the tracks so that you can skip from song to song on your CD. Depending on your editing software, you should also be able to take out or minimize most background noise and imperfections, and normalize the volume. The procedures for such editing vary from program to program, so it's best to consult your software manual or help files.
  10. Organize and burn the tracks onto a CD-R. As is the case for editing, the procedures for burning a CD vary depending on your software. Consult your manual or help files.
  11. Pop the CD in the stereo and enjoy the music!

[edit] Tips

  • It is probably easiest to use one software application to both record and edit, but you may also use two programs: a recording application and a WAV editor. Some highly recommended programs include GoldWave, Wave Repair, PolderbitS, and Audacity (free and open source with a lot of useful features). You can also search for "audio recorder" in a search engine and turn up a number of products, some free.
  • If you don't need CDs and just want to convert your records to mp3s, you can save your finished recordings directly as mp3s (depending on your software) and skip the burning/ripping process. Same goes with any other format such as ogg vorbis.
  • If you don't already have good recording equipment and software, and you just want to record a few LPs, you really might be better off just buying the CDs. You may be surprised how many old LPs are now available on CD. Unless you have a large vinyl collection or LPs that can't be found on CD, it might not be worth the time and expense to record your LPs yourself.
  • You may be able to skip the computer and sound card altogether if you get a good CD-RW recorder. These can be connected directly to your stereo receiver so that you can record LPs onto CDs as easily as you used to record onto cassette tapes. If you want to edit the recording, you can simply use your CD to transfer the files to your computer and burn additional copies with your computer's CD burner.
  • Get the right turntable. If you have a record collection, you've probably got a turntable. While you'll be able to make your recording using almost any turntable, the quality of your finished CD depends heavily on the quality of your equipment. The pawnshop-special record player in your basement may not be suitable for recording purposes.
  • Get the right sound card. You don't need a professional-quality sound card to make a good recording, but the standard-issue cards that come with many computers just won't do, especially if they don't have a "line in" jack. (Jacks labeled "mic in" are usually mono and won't provide good quality for this purpose.) If you already have a sound card, try recording with it. It could be fine, or you might want to upgrade.
  • If you used a freeware program, it will probably save in mp3 or WAV form, but if you use Microsoft Plus, it will save as a Windows Media file, which you can convert to mp4 using iTunes or burn directly to a CD with Windows Media Player. Because mp3 and Windows Media are lossy formats where some data is thrown out, save to AIFF or WAV with no compression; AIFF is the standard in MacOS, and WAV in Windows, but they are both cross-compatible and provide good quality when recorded at a high sample rate and bit depth, such at 44.1k samples per second, and 16 bits per sample. These uncompressed formats yield large files, but you can delete them once you've edited and burned them to CD.
  • When editing, feel free to play around with your software's noise reduction and equalizer tools until you get a good sound. This will usually involve a bit of trial and error, so you should always make sure to save the original recording unaltered and then rename edited files. That way, if your editing actually worsens the sound quality you can always go back to the original and start again without having to re-record the LP.
  • If you have a laptop, it may not be feasible to use a sound card. In this case, you can utilize a USB audio interface device. As will all the equipment, these vary in quality, so shop around and read reviews before buying.
  • There are CD-Rs that have the look and feel of vinyl, which are relatively inexpensive.
  • Some recording/editing software will allow you to change the speed of the recorded audio (the "Change Speed" effect in Audacity) so you can, say, record a 33-rpm record at 45 or even 78 rpm and then convert it back to the right speed, thus saving recording time. Depending on your equipment and settings, this can result in decreased quality, so generally this method should be saved for special circumstances such as if your turntable can't play at the right speed for a given record.

[edit] Warnings

  • Turntables are extremely sensitive to vibration. Of course you can expect the LP to skip if you bump the table it's on, but other, less harsh vibrations can also affect your sound quality. While recording, try to minimize background noise–make the room as soundproof as possible and step lightly.
  • Exercise the utmost care when cleaning an LP. LPs are actually quite resilient, but even the smallest scratch can produce popping or hissing noises, and once you've damaged the vinyl it can be difficult or impossible to repair. If you're not sure what you're doing, ask the staff of your local record store or do some research online.
  • Do not hook up your computer sound card to a speaker output on your stereo receiver. The signal from a speaker output is likely cialis pills too powerful, and it could cause serious damage to the sound card.
  • Power down either the computer and/or the audio source before the final connection. The intial surge can damage circuits with some combinations of sound card and audio source. Sound cards are especially sensitive to this damage.
  • If hardware installation is needed, be sure to take the usual precautions: turn off power to the computer, "ground" yourself by touching something else metal before touching the inside of the computer case and make back-ups of any critical information stored on your computer (i.e. "the next great novel" that you've been writing) by either copying to a 3.5" floppy or e-mailing the file to a friend or relative.

[edit] Things You'll Need

  • Cherished vinyl records
  • Electric turntable (record player)
  • PC with sound card or USB audio interface device with "line in"
  • Cables and/or converters to connect PC to turntable or preamp
  • Preamp or stereo receiver
  • Audio recording and editing software
  • At least 700 MB of free hard drive space
  • CD burner
  • Blank CD-R media

[edit] Related wikiHows

[edit] Sources and Citations

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November 11, 2007

10 types of programmers you’ll encounter in the field

Programmers enjoy a reputation for being peculiar people. In fact, even within the development community, there are certain programmer archetypes that other programmers find strange. Here are 10 types of programmers you are likely to run across. Can you think of any more?

Note: This information is also available as a PDF download.

#1: Gandalf

This programmer type looks like a short-list candidate to play Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings. He (or even she!) has a beard halfway to his knees, a goofy looking hat, and may wear a cape or a cloak in the winter. Luckily for the team, this person is just as adept at working magic as Gandalf. Unluckily for the team, they will need to endure hours of stories from Gandalf about how he or she to walk uphill both ways in the snow to drop off the punch cards at the computer room. The Gandalf type is your heaviest hitter, but you try to leave them in the rear and call them up only in times of desperation.

#2: The Martyr

In any other profession, The Martyr is simply a “workaholic.” But in the development field, The Martyr goes beyond that and into another dimension. Workaholics at least go home to shower and sleep. The Martyr takes pride in sleeping at the desk amidst empty pizza boxes. The problem is, no one ever asked The Martyr to work like this. And he or she tries to guilt-trip the rest of the team with phrases like, “Yeah, go home and enjoy dinner. I’ll finish up the next three week’s worth of code tonight.”

#3: Fanboy

Watch out for Fanboy. If he or she corners you, you’re in for a three-hour lecture about the superiority of Dragonball Z compared to Gundam Wing, or why the Playstation 3 is better than the XB 360. Fanboy’s workspace is filled with posters, action figures, and other knick-knacks related to some obsession, most likely imported from Japan. Not only are Fanboys obnoxious to deal with, they often put so much time into the obsession (both in and out of the office) that they have no clue when it comes to doing what they were hired to do.

#4: Vince Neil

This 40-something is a throwback to 1984 in all of the wrong ways. Sporting big hair, ripped stonewashed jeans, and a bandana here or there, Vince sits in the office humming Bon Jovi and Def Leppard tunes throughout the workday. This would not be so bad if “Pour Some Sugar on Me” was not so darned infectious.

Vince is generally a fun person to work with, and actually has a ton of experience, but just never grew up. But Vince becomes a hassle when he or she tries living the rock ‘n roll lifestyle to go with the hair and hi-tops. It’s fairly hard to work with someone who carries a hangover to work every day.

#5: The Ninja

The Ninja is your team’s MVP, and no one knows it. Like the legendary assassins, you do not know that The Ninja is even in the building or working, but you discover the evidence in the morning. You fire up the source control system and see that at 4 AM, The Ninja checked in code that addresses the problem you planned to spend all week working on, and you did not even know that The Ninja was aware of the project! See, while you were in Yet Another Meeting, The Ninja was working.

Ninjas are so stealthy, you might not even know their name, but you know that every project they’re on seems to go much more smoothly. Tread carefully, though. The Ninja is a lone warrior; don’t try to force him or her to work with rank and file.

#6: The Theoretician

The Theoretician knows everything there is to know about programming. He or she can spend four hours lecturing about the history of an obscure programming language or providing a proof of how the code you wrote is less than perfectly optimal and may take an extra three nanoseconds to run. The problem is, The Theoretician does not know a thing about software development. When The Theoretician writes code, it is so “elegant” that mere mortals cannot make sense of it. His or her favorite technique is recursion, and every block of code is tweaked to the max, at the expense of timelines and readability.

The Theoretician is also easily distracted. A simple task that should take an hour takes Theoreticians three months, since they decide that the existing tools are not sufficient and they must build new tools to build new libraries to build a whole new system that meets their high standards. The Theoretician can be turned into one of your best players, if you can get him or her to play within the boundaries of the project itself and stop spending time working on The Ultimate Sorting Algorithm.

#7: The Code Cowboy

The Code Cowboy is a force of nature that cannot be stopped. He or she is almost always a great programmer and can do work two or three times faster than anyone else. The problem is, at least half of that speed comes by cutting corners.  The Code Cowboy feels that checking code into source control takes too long, storing configuration data outside of the code itself takes too long, communicating with anyone else takes too long… you get the idea.

The Code Cowboy’s code is a spaghetti code mess, because he or she was working so quickly that the needed refactoring never happened. Chances are, seven pages’ worth of core functionality looks like the “don’t do this” example of a programming textbook, but it magically works. The Code Cowboy definitely does not play well with others. And if you put two Code Cowboys on the same project, it is guaranteed to fail, as they trample on each other’s changes and shoot each other in the foot.

Put a Code Cowboy on a project where hitting the deadline is more important than doing it right, and the code will be done just before deadline every time. The Code Cowboy is really just a loud, boisterous version of The Ninja. While The Ninja executes with surgical precision, The Code Cowboy is a raging bull and will gore anything that gets in the way.

#8: The Paratrooper

You know those movies where a sole commando is air-dropped deep behind enemy lines and comes out with the secret battle plans? That person in a software development shop is The Paratrooper. The Paratrooper is the last resort programmer you send in to save a dying project. Paratroopers lack the patience to work on a long-term assignment, but their best asset is an uncanny ability to learn an unfamiliar codebase and work within it. Other programmers might take weeks or months to learn enough about a project to effectively work on it; The Paratrooper takes hours or days. Paratroopers might not learn enough to work on the core of the code, but the lack of ramp-up time means that they can succeed where an entire team might fail.

#9: Mediocre Man

“Good enough” is the best you will ever get from Mediocre Man. Don’t let the name fool you; there are female varieties of Mediocre Man too. And he or she always takes longer to produce worse code cialis herbal alternative than anyone else on the team. “Slow and steady barely finishes the race” could describe Mediocre Man’s projects. But Mediocre Man is always just “good enough” to remain employed.

When you interview this type, they can tell you a lot about the projects they’ve been involved with but not much about their actual involvement. Filtering out the Mediocre Man type is fairly easy: Ask for actual details of the work they’ve done, and they suddenly get a case of amnesia. Let them into your organization, though, and it might take years to get rid of them.

#10: The Evangelist

No matter what kind of environment you have, The Evangelist insists that it can be improved by throwing away all of your tools and processes and replacing them with something else. The Evangelist is actually the opposite of The Theoretician. The Evangelist is outspoken, knows an awful lot about software development, but performs very little actual programming.

The Evangelist is secretly a project manager or department manager at heart but lacks the knowledge or experience to make the jump. So until The Evangelist is able to get into a purely managerial role, everyone else needs to put up with his or her attempts to revolutionize the workplace.

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November 9, 2007

The Unlocker

Has your Windows operating system ever bugged you with this error message:

And oh no, not just that one! I'm talking about any one of these pesky messages:

  • Cannot delete file: Access is denied.

  • There has been a sharing violation.

  • The source or destination file may be in use.

  • The file is in use by another program or user.

  • Make sure the disk is not full or write protected and that the file is not currently in use.

These can sometimes be fixed by closing the application that is using the file. But, for all the other times, it may be the work of spyware, a virus or just that Windows is being grouchy. Well, after today, you can say goodbye to those error messages. Yep, they will no longer exist with a new program called Unlocker!

Unlocker allows you to unlock the processes that are preventing you from deleting, renaming, opening or editing your files. By doing that, you are put back in control of your computer. So, when you're ready for that, come along with me!

1.) First, download and install Unlocker from this link:

2.) Next, right click the file that is giving you trouble and select the Unlocker option.

3.) If the folder or file has been locked, the list of "lockers" will appear.

4.) Select Unlock All and you will be free to do whatever you want with your files. You can delete, rename, move them somewhere else or edit them. The choice is yours!

Let me tell you, this program can be a real headache reliever! cialis generic vs brand

I must warn you though, don't ever unlock any files deep inside of your hard drive, as it can cause Windows to malfunction. Only delete such a file if a trusted virus program has told you to do so.

Note: WorldStart is not the developer of this software and we cannot offer technical support for it.

Happy unlocking!

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November 5, 2007

Hidden features in google

1.) Display the Current Local Time Anywhere – If you're interested in what time it is in different cities around the world, this is the perfect search tool for you. With this feature, you can find the local time for any major city anywhere around the world. To do this, go to Google's Web site (www.google.com) and in the search box, type "time in city name." For example, if you wanted to get the time for Madrid, Spain, you would type in "Time in Madrid." I just did it and right now, as I write this, it is 3:48 p.m. Now, what's even better is that it will give you the time for any other cities around the world by that name as well. For my search, I found out there is a Madrid, Iowa and it is 9:48 a.m. there right now. How cool is that?!

2.) Currency Converter – The next "hidden feature" allows you to use the built in currency converter to look up the current exchange rates for any city in the world. For example, let's say you wanted to find the exchange rate for a U.S. dollar to a British pound. To do that, just type in something like "5.99 usd in gbp." By doing that, you'll learn that $5.99 in U.S. dollars is 2.89022919 British pounds. (Note: You'll want to leave the dollar sign ($) out or you won't get the results you're looking for). Now, if you don't know the abbreviations for all the currencies, you can type something like "Currency of France in American Money" instead. That search will show you that 1 Euro equals 1.4448 U.S. dollars. Awesome!

3.) Find Documents of the Specified Type – With Google, you can search for up to 12 different file formats right from your Web browser. Wow! Those formats include MS Office, PDFs, Lotus files and so on. If you want to search for a specific one, just type "filetype:[extension]" into the search box. For example, if you wanted to find an MS Word document on a certain dog breed, you would just type in the dog breed, followed by "filetype:doc." You can do that for any subject and for any file type. Oh yeah!

4.) Site Specific Search – This feature works perfectly when you want to search through a Web site that doesn't have a search engine included. To do this, you just need to type in a subject, followed by the Web site's URL. For example, you could type in "puggle:puppyfind.com." You can do that for whatever topic you're interested in and for any site you like to visit on a regular basis!

5.) Four Day Weather Forecast – With this Google secret, you can search for the weather forecast for any city around the world. Let's say you're planning a trip to London, England. In that case, go to Google and type in "weather London." I just did that and I can tell you that it is 63° F and mostly cloudy there right now. Your search results will also give you the next four day's worth of weather. On Sunday, it's supposed to be 55 and cialis for sale online mostly cloudy. You can do this for any city, anywhere!

6.) Google Calculator – Did you know that Google has a built in calculator? Well, now you do and you can start using it right away! With it, you can actually solve basic to advanced math problems. How great is that?! If you have a math problem that you just cannot solve (maybe you're helping your children or grandchildren with their homework), go to Google and type it in. Just for an example, here's an easy one: "2 + 3." Type that in and your answer will be revealed as "2 + 3 = 5." You can enter in any math equation, no matter how easy or how hard it is!

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